紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)在(zai)世界上(shang)有 96 種(zhong)，多分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)北半球的(de)(de)高寒地(di)帶，大(da)多數都生長在(zai)海拔(ba) 3500 ～ 5000 米的(de)(de)高山砂(sha)石或灌木叢林下(xia)。我國(guo)有 73 種(zhong)，其中(zhong)西(xi)藏(zang)占有 32 種(zhong)，2 個變(bian)種(zhong)，四川有 22 種(zhong)，云南、新疆、青海以(yi)及(ji)東北的(de)(de)高寒地(di)區均(jun)有分(fen)布(bu)。紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)主(zhu)(zhu)要以(yi)根和根莖入(ru)藥(yao)，全株也(ye)可入(ru)藥(yao)。在(zai)我國(guo)紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)的(de)(de)藥(yao)用歷史(shi)非(fei)常早，歷代(dai)(dai)本(ben)草(cao)中(zhong)均(jun)有記載，翻開我國(guo)古代(dai)(dai)第一部醫學(xue)典(dian)籍《神農本(ben)草(cao)經(jing)(jing)》，就會(hui)發現(xian)紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)赫然被(bei)列為藥(yao)中(zhong)上(shang)品(pin)，“主(zhu)(zhu)養命以(yi)應天(tian)，無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)，多服(fu)(fu)久服(fu)(fu)不(bu)傷(shang)人”。有“輕身(shen)(shen)益氣(qi)、不(bu)老延年”之功效。明代(dai)(dai)李時珍《本(ben)草(cao)綱目(mu)》認(ren)為“紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)，本(ben)經(jing)(jing)上(shang)品(pin)，祛邪惡(e)氣(qi)，補諸(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)足”是“已知補益藥(yao)中(zhong)所罕見”。《千金翼方》言“景(jing)(jing)天(tian)味(wei)苦酸平，無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)。主(zhu)(zhu)大(da)熱大(da)瘡，身(shen)(shen)熱煩，邪惡(e)氣(qi)，諸(zhu)(zhu)蠱毒(du)(du)(du)痂庀(pi)，寒熱風痹，諸(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)足，花主(zhu)(zhu)女人漏下(xia)赤(chi)白，輕身(shen)(shen)明目(mu)，久服(fu)(fu)通(tong)神不(bu)老。而(er)藏(zang)族《四部醫典(dian)》也(ye)有關于(yu)紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)的(de)(de)記載。言其“性(xing)平、味(wei)澀、善潤肺(fei)、能補腎(shen)、利氣(qi)養血、主(zhu)(zhu)周(zhou)身(shen)(shen)乏力、胸悶、惡(e)心、體虛諸(zhu)(zhu)癥。”《晶珠本(ben)草(cao)》言“紅景(jing)(jing)天(tian)活血清肺(fei)、止咳退(tui)燒、止痛，用于(yu)治療肺(fei)炎(yan)(yan)、氣(qi)管炎(yan)(yan)、身(shen)(shen)體虛弱、全身(shen)(shen)乏力、胸悶、難以(yi)透氣(qi)、嘴唇和手心發紫”。

近年(nian)，我國的(de)藥學工作(zuo)者(zhe)對紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)進行了(le)深(shen)入(ru)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)，指出紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)具有(you)(you)(you)類(lei)(lei)(lei)似人(ren)參“扶正固本”的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，而且(qie)某些方面還優于(yu)人(ren)參。紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)能具有(you)(you)(you)這樣的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)要來源(yuan)于(yu)它(ta)的(de)化(hua)學成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。據研(yan)究(jiu)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you) 40 多(duo)(duo)種化(hua)學成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，其根和根莖中主要含有(you)(you)(you)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)苷、苷元酪醇(chun)(chun)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)多(duo)(duo)糖、脂肪、甾醇(chun)(chun)、酚類(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)合物、有(you)(you)(you)機酸、鞣質、甾醇(chun)(chun)、酚類(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)合物、多(duo)(duo)種微(wei)生素(su)和水溶(rong)性(xing)揮發油;此外，還含有(you)(you)(you) 18 種氨基酸，鎂、鈣、鉀、磷等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng) 35 種無(wu)機元素(su);15 種人(ren)體必需的(de)常(chang)量(liang)(liang)和微(wei)量(liang)(liang)元素(su)鐵、鋁、鋅、鈷、鎘、鈦、銅、錳等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)以(yi)及蛋白質。不同(tong)產地的(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)化(hua)學成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)略有(you)(you)(you)不同(tong)，但主要化(hua)學成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)以(yi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)苷及其苷元酪醇(chun)(chun)、酪薩(sa)維為主，其它(ta)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)還包括黃(huang)酮、多(duo)(duo)元酚、多(duo)(duo)糖、三萜等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)類(lei)(lei)(lei)化(hua)合物等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。根據含有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)份的(de)多(duo)(duo)少和有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)高(gao)低，質量(liang)(liang)較好(hao)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)是:薔薇紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、唐古特紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、高(gao)山紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、狹葉紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、大(da)(da)花紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、大(da)(da)紫紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、四裂紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、圣地紅(hong)(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。

我國(guo)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)資源(yuan)(yuan)分(fen)布比較廣泛(fan)，資源(yuan)(yuan)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)豐富(fu)，僅(jin)西(xi)(xi)藏(zang)一(yi)省種(zhong)類(lei)資源(yuan)(yuan)占全國(guo)種(zhong)類(lei)資源(yuan)(yuan)的(de) 50% ，占全世界的(de) 30% ，然而(er)，隨著(zhu)人(ren)們(men)對(dui)(dui)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)藥理研究的(de)日(ri)(ri)益(yi)深入，紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)的(de)需(xu)求量日(ri)(ri)益(yi)增加(jia)，以(yi)及生態(tai)環境的(de)日(ri)(ri)益(yi)惡化，加(jia)之對(dui)(dui)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)的(de)過度采(cai)挖，未(wei)來五(wu)年內野(ye)生紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)資源(yuan)(yuan)即將枯竭(jie)，因此應盡快(kuai)開展人(ren)工(gong)馴化栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)。可喜的(de)是西(xi)(xi)藏(zang)、吉林等省已經(jing)開始對(dui)(dui)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)的(de)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)條(tiao)件、人(ren)工(gong)馴化栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)技術(shu)進行(xing)研究，西(xi)(xi)藏(zang)農科院已取得突破進展，經(jing)測(ce)定所栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)有(you)效(xiao)成分(fen)接近自然生長的(de)紅(hong)(hong)景天(tian)(tian)。

我(wo)國(guo)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天資源(yuan)豐富，產于各(ge)地的(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天雖然(ran)成分相(xiang)近，但作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)盡相(xiang)同。如產于東北長(chang)白山區的(de)(de)庫頁(ye)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天味甘(gan)、性(xing)溫，有(you)滋補強壯的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。狹(xia)葉紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天則性(xing)平(ping)。大(da)花(hua)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天則性(xing)甘(gan)、苦(ku)(ku)、澀(se)、寒。有(you)活血，清(qing)肺，止咳解熱止痛(tong)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。小叢紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天性(xing)微苦(ku)(ku)、澀(se)、寒，功能(neng)清(qing)肺止咳，止血，止帶。在紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天制劑中一旦把握不(bu)好藥(yao)物來源(yuan)就可能(neng)影(ying)響制劑療效。所(suo)以對景(jing)(jing)天制劑中的(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天成分的(de)(de)檢測(ce)手段還應豐富。

 我國僅對大株紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)、大花紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)、四裂(lie)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)、狹(xia)葉紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)、圣地紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)、高山紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)等(deng)十幾(ji)種(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)進行了研究，還(huan)有(you)很(hen)多種(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)等(deng)待人(ren)們的開發，以便建(jian)立一個現 代綜合質量(liang)評 價體(ti) 系來確定紅(hong)(hong) 景(jing)(jing)天(tian)(tian)的質量(liang)。

盡快(kuai)加強紅(hong)景天的(de)人工栽(zai)培(pei)研究使(shi)其規模化、產業化，有效的(de)保護上(shang)天賜予我們這份寶貴(gui)的(de)財富，才能更好的(de)發揮紅(hong)景天的(de)藥(yao)用價值，讓以紅(hong)景天為(wei)原料的(de)各個產業具有更廣闊的(de)發展空間