中央財政累計投入28億土壤污染防治專項資金

2016年5月，國(guo)務院發布實(shi)施《土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動計劃》。根據《土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動計劃》，中(zhong)央財政設立了(le)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)專項(xiang)資金，2016年以(yi)來累(lei)計下達280億元，有(you)力支持了(le)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)狀況詳查(cha)、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)源頭防(fang)控、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)風險管(guan)控和修復(fu)、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)綜(zong)合防(fang)治(zhi)先行(xing)區建設、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)污染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理與修復(fu)技術應用試點(dian)、土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)管(guan)能力提升等工作。

2019年1月1日，《土(tu)壤污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)法》正式實(shi)施(shi)，這(zhe)是(shi)我國(guo)第一部土(tu)壤污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)領域法律。《土(tu)壤污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)法》規(gui)定設立省級(ji)土(tu)壤污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)基金，土(tu)壤污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)專項(xiang)資金支持范(fan)圍也包(bao)括支持設立省級(ji)土(tu)壤污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)基金。

確保農用地環境安全，保障糧食安全

生態環境部土壤生態環境司司長蘇克敬(jing)在新(xin)聞發布(bu)會上談到，為確保農用地(di)環境安全，保障居民糧食(shi)安全，讓(rang)老百姓吃得(de)放心(xin)，著(zhu)重從兩個(ge)方面(mian)開展工作。

一(yi)是強化污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)源頭防(fang)控。近年來，我國先后(hou)發布實(shi)施(shi)了(le)全國重金(jin)屬污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)規劃、大氣污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)計(ji)劃、水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)計(ji)劃，加大工礦污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)；“十三五”以來，全國關(guan)停涉重金(jin)屬行(xing)業企(qi)(qi)(qi)業1300余(yu)家，實(shi)施(shi)重金(jin)屬減排(pai)工程900多(duo)個(ge)(ge)，重金(jin)屬等污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物排(pai)放得到有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)控制。《土壤污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)計(ji)劃》發布實(shi)施(shi)后(hou)，生態環境部會同有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)部門進一(yi)步組織開展了(le)涉鎘(ge)等重金(jin)屬重點(dian)行(xing)業企(qi)(qi)(qi)業排(pai)查(cha)整(zheng)治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)，共排(pai)查(cha)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業13000多(duo)個(ge)(ge)，確定需整(zheng)治(zhi)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)源近2000個(ge)(ge)。截至目前，已有(you)(you)(you)近700個(ge)(ge)完成(cheng)整(zheng)治(zhi)，切斷了(le)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)物進入農田的(de)(de)鏈條，取得明顯成(cheng)效(xiao)。從日常工作調度和(he)基層調研情況(kuang)看(kan)，耕地周邊的(de)(de)工礦污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)源得到有(you)(you)(you)力整(zheng)治(zhi)，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)防(fang)范了(le)耕地的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)風險。

二是推(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)用地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用。配合(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村部(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)展農(nong)(nong)(nong)用地(di)分類管理和受(shou)(shou)(shou)污(wu)染(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用工作。據了解，農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村部(bu)(bu)牽頭組織(zhi)在部(bu)(bu)分省（區(qu)、市(shi)）開(kai)(kai)展了農(nong)(nong)(nong)用地(di)土壤(rang)環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)類別劃(hua)分試點，及農(nong)(nong)(nong)用地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用和治理修復試點示范等(deng)工作，為推(tui)動(dong)受(shou)(shou)(shou)污(wu)染(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用探索(suo)道路、積累經驗(yan)。今年4月，農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村部(bu)(bu)、生態環(huan)境(jing)部(bu)(bu)聯(lian)合(he)印發通知(zhi)，督促各地(di)進(jin)(jin)一步分解落實(shi)任(ren)務(wu)，采取建(jian)設受(shou)(shou)(shou)污(wu)染(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用集(ji)中(zhong)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)區(qu)、強化污(wu)染(ran)源管控、推(tui)進(jin)(jin)耕(geng)地(di)土壤(rang)環(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)類別劃(hua)分等(deng)舉措(cuo)，推(tui)動(dong)受(shou)(shou)(shou)污(wu)染(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用工作。今年10月，農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村部(bu)(bu)在湖南長沙召開(kai)(kai)受(shou)(shou)(shou)污(wu)染(ran)耕(geng)地(di)安全(quan)利(li)用現場推(tui)進(jin)(jin)會(hui)，進(jin)(jin)一步推(tui)動(dong)相關(guan)工作。

農用地土壤環境狀況總體穩定

2017年7月，全國土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)狀況(kuang)詳查工作(zuo)全面啟動。全國土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)狀況(kuang)詳查是(shi)根據《土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)行動計劃》要(yao)(yao)求組織(zhi)開展的(de)，是(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)領域一項非常重要(yao)(yao)的(de)“打基礎”的(de)工作(zuo)。本次詳查，包括農用地土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)狀況(kuang)詳查和(he)重點行業企業用地土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)狀況(kuang)調查兩個(ge)方(fang)面。

蘇(su)克敬介(jie)紹，農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)詳查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)是(shi)在(zai)已(yi)有(you)調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)基礎上(shang)，以(yi)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)為重點、兼(jian)顧園地(di)(di)(di)(di)和牧草地(di)(di)(di)(di)，進行(xing)全面深入、重點突出、針對性(xing)強的調(diao)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。本(ben)次(ci)農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)詳查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)歷時兩年，共布(bu)設(she)了55.8萬個詳查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)點位(wei)，采(cai)集分(fen)析了69.8萬份詳查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樣品，全國約3.5萬人參與這項工(gong)作。農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)詳查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)主體工(gong)作現已(yi)完(wan)成。結(jie)果表明，我國農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)土壤環境狀況總體穩定，部(bu)分(fen)區域土壤污染風(feng)險突出，超篩選值(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)安(an)全利用(yong)(yong)和嚴格(ge)管(guan)控(kong)的任務依然較重。目前各地(di)(di)(di)(di)正依據詳查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)結(jie)果開展農(nong)(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)分(fen)類管(guan)理(li)、推動(dong)安(an)全利用(yong)(yong)。